DE SER APROBADA, LEGALIZARA LA APERTURA DEL PAIS A LAS COMPAÑIAS EXTRANJERAS
Una ley que privatiza el petróleo de Irak
La controvertida norma redibuja radicalmente la industria del crudo iraquí. Bush necesita que el Parlamento de Irak la apruebe antes de septiembre, fecha en que el ejército estadounidense debe presentar un nuevo informe de la situación en el país ocupado. Los sindicatos y los expertos se le oponen.
La administración Bush está contra las cuerdas: tras su plan de seguridad para Bagdad –el envío de 30 mil hombres adicionales–, la situación no mejora.
Los tiempos se aceleran y Estados Unidos necesita irse de Irak con algo más seguro bajo el brazo. Es por eso que busca a toda costa implementar la ley de hidrocarburos, discutida a puertas cerradas durante casi un año y aprobada por el gabinete iraquí en febrero. La idea es que los grandes pulpos petroleros de Occidente puedan tener una cuota garantizada de dividendos a largo plazo, luego de la inversión militar y económica que han hecho los países que integran la ONU para mantener una invasión cada vez más cuestionada. Pero la sanción final de la medida no es fácil. Tras varias manifestaciones, los sindicatos iraquíes no están dispuestos a la “privatización” de la industria petrolera, así como expertos y legisladores se oponen a la propuesta oficial, de la que se enteraron en el momento de su aprobación parcial. En tanto, Bush necesita que el Parlamento de Irak la apruebe antes de septiembre, fecha en que el ejército estadounidense debe presentar un nuevo informe de situación a la Casa Blanca.La ley petrolera no surgió de un repollo, aunque así haya aparecido para sus opositores desde que la propuesta oficial se hiciera pública en febrero de este año. Antes de la guerra en Irak, el grupo Política para el Desarrollo de Energía Nacional, conocido como Energy Task Force, reunió en 2001 al vicepresidente Dick Cheney y ejecutivos petroleros para discutir el control de los campos petroleros de Irak, informó el diario The New York Times. Un año después, por la presión de un tribunal estadounidense, los participantes de esa comisión tuvieron que hacer público que más de 60 firmas de 30 países estarían involucradas en proyectos con Bagdad, como la empresa francesa Total Elf y la rusa Luckoil. El organismo recomendaba a los países de Medio Oriente “la apertura de sus sectores energéticos a la inversión exterior”, informó el medio norteamericano. Un consejo que se haría realidad.
En enero de 2007, el diario británico The Independent reveló que un empleado de Bearing-Point, una compañía norteamericana encargada de asesorar al gobierno de ese país en la reconstrucción de Irak, fue responsable de asesorar al Ministerio de Petróleo iraquí en la confección de la ley de hidrocarburos. La empresa de Estados Unidos es conocida por financiar las campañas de 2000 y 2004 del Partido Republicano de Bush, según la denuncia del Center for Responsive Politics, un grupo de control ciudadano.
Fuertemente presionado por los gobiernos estadounidense y británico, el gobierno de Irak ahora espera que el Parlamento apruebe cuanto antes la controvertida ley que redibujaría radicalmente la industria petrolera iraquí y abriría las puertas de la segunda mayor reserva de petróleo en el mundo, después de Arabia Saudita.
Con el apoyo del Banco Mundial, el FMI y la ONU, la ley “escrita en Estados Unidos”, como la llaman los sindicatos iraquíes, permitiría la primera operación a gran escala de compañías de petróleo extranjeras en Irak, informó el citado medio británico. Mediante acuerdos de producción compartidos (PSA), las firmas obtendrían un 12,5 por ciento de las ganancias, mientras que los ingresos sobrantes serían distribuidos por el gobierno iraquí y las provincias tendrían libertad para autorizar contratos de exploración y producción, según la cadena de noticias árabe Al Jazeera. La Constitución de Irak permite a los gobernadores formar regiones semiindependientes, con un control total de sus recursos naturales. En su defensa, el gobierno advierte que no habrá privatización. “Bajo ninguna circunstancia Irak renunciaría a su autoridad, su responsabilidad es tener el control de los recursos naturales del país”, dijo en mayo el ministro del Petróleo, Hussein Shahristani, a la prensa. Sin embargo, la Empresa Nacional de Petróleo de Irak pasaría a controlar sólo 17 de los 80 pozos descubiertos, dejando más de dos tercios de los mismos y de las reservas por descubrir bajo potencial control extranjero durante un período de entre 20 y 35 años, informó el Times.
La nueva legislación sería una desviación radical de las leyes de los países en vías de desarrollo, ya que naciones productoras de Medio Oriente como Arabia Saudita e Irán tienen un estricto control sobre sus industrias a través de compañías estatales sin ninguna colaboración exterior de importancia, señaló The Independent. En 1961, Irak expropió las concesiones de las transnacionales que en ese entonces abarcaban un 95,5 por ciento del territorio iraquí, según la Federación General de Trabajadores de Irak. Y en 1972, Exxon, Bp, Shell y Chevron perdieron el control del recurso al nacionalizarse la industria en su totalidad. Recién en 1990, las compañías extranjeras recuperaron terreno gracias al gobierno de Saddam Hussein que otorgó PSA con ganancias del 10 por ciento a firmas de China y Rusia, informó Al Jazeera. “Ese año, Estados Unidos y sus aliados hicieron lobby para profundizar las sanciones de la ONU en contra de Irak, mientras ese país se apoyaba en Rusia y China para remover o al menos suavizar el escarmiento”, señaló al medio árabe el ex ministro de Petróleo de Irak, Issam al Chalabi, un crítico de los PSA.
Frente a un gobierno favorable a la ocupación y acusado de corrupción, la oposición al proyecto oficial es amplia. La semana pasada, cientos de obreros volvieron a movilizarse en Basora, al sur de Irak, luego de una importante huelga en junio en la que cortaron la producción y exportación de combustible en el sur del país, mientras tropas militares rodeaban la manifestación bajo el vuelo amenazante de aviones de guerra. “La protesta expresa la unidad de los sindicatos del puerto, electricidad, servicios, mecánicos, municipales en solidaridad con los trabajadores del sector petrolero que piden discutir la ley de hidrocarburos, los precios del combustible, y para plantear nuestros reclamos”, dijo Hussein Fadil, el dirigente de la federación de trabajadores. En los días previos a la marcha, la central sindical, que tiene su mayor peso en Basora, había exigido la renuncia del ministro de Petróleo, la libertad de organización gremial ante los intentos de arresto del gobierno, el rechazo de los dictados del FMI y la aceleración de la construcción de refinerías de petróleo para no depender de los derivados importados.
Por su parte, Hassan Jumaa Awad al Assadi, líder del sindicato de petróleo que representa cerca de 26 mil trabajadores, viaja a mediados de julio a Inglaterra y Estados Unidos para hacer campaña contra la ley. “No es lógico que Estados Unidos venga con las manos vacías y quiera llenárselas con petróleo iraquí, que representa entre el 85 y 90 por ciento de los ingresos de nuestro país. Criticamos que la ley se haya elaborado en forma secreta, por eso va a tener que aprobarse cuando tengamos plena soberanía y podamos manifestarnos”, advirtió en Londres, según el diario británico The Guardian.
Mientras tanto, un grupo de expertos también critica el proyecto oficial. Tras realizar un simposio en febrero junto a los sindicatos petroleros, partidos políticos opositores y ONG, los estudiosos presentaron una carta al presidente y a los miembros del Parlamento donde sugerían “no apurar” la ley y pedían un mayor control estatal. “Lamentamos que la autoridad del consejo de representantes (Parlamento) esté restringida sólo a la aprobación de la ley”, señalaron. “Además enfatizamos la necesidad de que la compañía estatal de petróleo tome la responsabilidad de manejar toda la producción y los pozos descubiertos para resguardar los derechos del pueblo de Irak y no dejarlos en entidades extranjeras”, dijeron los expertos.
Si bien la ley podría ser aprobada antes del informe que espera el Congreso de Estados Unidos en septiembre, los legisladores –chiítas, sunnitas y kurdos– tienen diferencias entre sí. “El hecho es que los bloques políticos no llegaron a un acuerdo”, dijo al diario estadounidense Chicago Tribune Ayad al Samarrai, uno de los líderes de Tawafiq, el bloque sunnita con mayor representación en el Parlamento, que dispone de 275 asientos. Para peor, la coalición sunnita Frente del Consenso Iraquí (FCI), aliado esencial del gobierno de mayoría chiíta del primer ministro, Nuri al Maliki, abandonó el Ejecutivo a fines de julio. El alejamiento de este sector político y la postura de una facción dura de los chiítas, aliada al clérigo antiestadounidense Moqtada al Sadr, dificultarían muchas de las leyes a aprobarse, entre ellas la de hidrocarburos.
Por otra parte, el gobierno autonómico kurdo pone barreras a la legislación petrolera, ya que vería infringido su derecho constitucional a disponer un mayor control de las reservas y los ingresos de su región, donde se concentra una cantidad importante de los pozos, al norte del país. Sin embargo, el 5 de agosto, como codazo a sus contrapartes en Bagdad, que se tomaron un descanso de verano, “el Parlamento kurdo en Irbil aprobó su propia ley de petróleo y también presentó una lista de 40 pozos de exploración en la región kurda que presentará a la oferta”, dijo el diario mexicano Milenio. “No queremos ser afectados por la parálisis política en Bagdad”, advirtió Ashti Hawrami, ministro de Recursos Naturales del gobierno regional de Kurdistán. “Pensamos que los acuerdos de producción compartida son la mejor manera de avanzar y ayudar no sólo a los kurdos sino a todos los iraquíes”, añadió. Luego de que los kurdos abrieron las puertas a los inversionistas extranjeros, Bagdad intenta reafirmar el control central de las reservas manejadas por las autoridades de Kurdistán. Según el periódico mexicano, en esa región ya está operando TTopco, una empresa conjunta entre Genel Energie, una compañía turca, y Addax Petroleum, una firma independiente de exploración y desarrollo que cotiza en las Bolsas de valores de Londres y Toronto.
En las últimas semanas, el embajador de Estados Unidos, Ryan C. Crooker, trató de mostrar calma frente al desafío de lograr que la legislación iraquí sea aprobada antes de septiembre, una meta imprescindible para el gobierno de Bush que cuenta con más 150 mil militares en el país invadido. “Como yo lo veo, las metas legislativas, los hidrocarburos y la reconciliación son importantes, pero por Dios que son puntos muy complicados”, dijo en una entrevista. “Y francamente no sé si estoy seguro de si es razonable esperar que resuelvan estas cosas en poco tiempo. Nosotros tuvimos nuestras propias dificultades con las reformas de salud, seguridad social e inmigración”, añadió.
Informe: Juan Manuel Barca.
(in today´s pagina/12 and it seems also that there are other people with possible problems with the law here... a citizen of Venezuela with more than some dollars in his luggage it´s causing noise)
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problems with the law?
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Interesting article
thank you for posting
I don't remember reading anything about this visit in the newspapers here.
Here is the Babel Fish Translation.
of the whole article.
>>>>>>>>>>>.
OF BEING APPROVED, IT LEGALIZED The OPENING Of the PAIS To The FOREIGN COMPANIES
A law that privatizes the petroleum of Iraq
The controverted norm redibuja radically the industry of the crude Iraqian. Bush needs that the Parliament of Iraq approves it before September, date in which the American army must present/display a new report of the situation in the occupied country. The unions and the experts are against to him.
The Bush administration is against the cords: after its plan of security for Bagdad - the shipment of 30 thousand additional men -, the situation nonimprovement.
The times are accelerated and the United States more insurance under the arm needs to go away of Iraq with something. It is why it at all costs looks for to implement the hydrocarbon law almost, discussed to doors closed during a year and approved by the Iraqian cabinet in February. The idea is that great pulpy the oil tankers of the West can have a guaranteed quota of long term dividends, after military and economic the investment that have made the countries that integrate the UN to maintain an invasion more and more questioned. But the final sanction of the measurement is not easy. After several manifestations, the Iraqian unions are not arranged to the "privatization" of the oil industry, as well as expert and legislating they are against the official proposal, which they found out at the moment of its partial approval. In as much, Bush needs that the Parliament of Iraq approves it before September, date in which the American army must present/display a new situation report to the White House.The oil law did not arise from repollo, although thus it has appeared for his opponents since the official proposal became public in February of this year. Before the war in Iraq, the Political group for the Development of National Energy, known like Energy Task Force, reunited in 2001 to oil vice-president Dick Cheney and executives to discuss the control of the oil fields of Iraq, informed the newspaper The New York Times. A year later, by the pressure of a American court, the participants of that commission had to make public who more than 60 companies of 30 countries would be involved in projects with Bagdad, like the French company Total Elf and the Luckoil Russian. The organism recommended to the countries of the Middle East "the opening of its power sectors to the outer investment", informed the average North American. An advice who would become reality.
In January of 2007, the British newspaper The Independent revealed that an employee of Bearing-Point, a North American company in charge to advise to the government of that country in the reconstruction of Iraq, was responsible to advise to the Iraqian Petroleum Ministry in the preparation of the hydrocarbon law. The company of the United States is well-known to finance the campaigns of 2000 and 2004 of the Republican Party of Bush, according to the denunciation of the for Center Responsive Politics, a citizen control group.
Strongly pressed by the governments American and British, the government of Iraq now hopes that the Parliament approves the sooner the controverted law that redibujaría radically the Iraqian oil industry and would open the doors of the second greater petroleum reserve in the world, after Saudi Arabia.
With the support of the World Bank, the IMF and the UN, the law "written in the United States", as they call the Iraqian unions, would allow the first operation on great scale of foreign petroleum companies in Iraq, informed mentioned the average Briton. By means of shared agreements of production (PSA), the companies would obtain a 12.5 percent of the gains, whereas the leftover income would be distributed by the Iraqian government and the provinces would have freedom to authorize contracts of exploration and production, according to the Arab chain of the news To the Jazeera. The Constitution of Iraq allows the governors to form semiindependent regions, with a total control of its natural resources. In his defense, the government notices that there will be no privatization. "Under no Iraq circumstance he would resign to his authority, his responsibility is to have the control of the natural resources of the country", said in May the minister of Petroleum, Hussein Shahristani, to the press. Nevertheless, the Company Nacional de Petro'leo of Iraq would happen to control only 17 of 80 discovered wells, leaving more than two thirds of such and the reserves discovering under potential foreign control during a period of between 20 and 35 years, the Times informed.
The new legislation it would be a radical deviation of the laws of the developing countries, since producer nations of the Middle East as Saudi Arabia and Iran have a strict control on their industries through state companies without no outer collaboration of importance, indicated The Independent. In 1961, Iraq expropió the concessions of the transnational companies that in that then included a 95.5 percent of the Iraqian territory, according to the General Federation of Workers of Iraq. And in 1972, Exxon, Bp, Shell and Chevron they lost the control of the resource when nationalizing itself the industry in its totality. Just in 1990, the foreign companies recovered land thanks to the government of Saddam Hussein that granted PSA with gains of the 10 percent to companies of China and Russia, informed To the Jazeera. "That year, the United States and its allies lobbied to deepen the sanctions of the UN against Iraq, while that country leaned in Russia and China to remove or to smooth the lesson at least", it indicated to the average Arab the ex- Petroleum minister of Iraq, Issam to the Chalabi, a critic of the PSA.
In front of a favorable government to the occupation and defendant of corruption, the opposition to the official project is ample. The last week, hundreds of workers returned to mobilize themselves in Basora, to the south of Iraq, after an important strike in June in that they cut to the production and fuel export in the south of the country, while military troops surrounded the manifestation under the threatening flight by airplanes military. "the protest expresses the unit of the unions of the port, electricity, services, mechanics, policemen in solidarity with the workers of the oil sector who request to discuss the hydrocarbon law, the prices of the fuel, and to raise our reclamations", Hussein Fadil, the leader of the federation of workers said. In the previous days to the march, the union, that has its greater weight in Basora, had demanded the resignation of the Petroleum minister, the freedom of gremial organization before the attempts of arrest of the government, the rejection of the dictations of the IMF and the acceleration of the construction of petroleum refineries not to depend on the concerned derivatives.
On the other hand, Hassan Jumaa Awad to the Assadi, leader of the petroleum union that represents near 26 thousand workers, travels in the middle of July to England and the United States to campaign against the law. "it is not logical that the United States comes with the empty hands and wants to fill them to it with Iraqian petroleum, that represents between the 85 and 90 percent of the income of our country. We criticized that the law has been elaborated in secret form, for that reason is going to have to be approved when we have total sovereignty and we pruned to declare to us ", warned in London, according to the British newspaper The Guardian.
Meanwhile, a group of experts also criticizes the official project. After making a competing symposium in February next to the oil unions, political parties and ONG, the students they presented/displayed a letter to the president and the members of the Parliament where they suggested "not to worry" the law and requested a greater state control. "We were sorry that the authority of the advice of representatives (Parliament) is restricted only to the approval of the law", they indicated. "In addition we emphasized the necessity that the state petroleum company takes the responsibility to handle to all the production and discovered wells to protect the rights of the town of Iraq and not to leave them in foreign organizations", the experts said.
Although the law could be approved before the report that waits for the Congress of the United States in September, the legislators - Shiite, sunnitas and Kurd they have differences to each other. "the fact is that the political blocks did not reach an agreement", it said to the American newspaper Chicago Tribune Ayad to the Samarrai, one of the leaders of Tawafiq, the sunnita block with greater representation in the Parliament, that has 275 seats. For worse, the sunnita coalition Front of Iraqian Consenso (the ICF), allied essential of the government of Shiite majority of prime minister, Nuri to the Maliki, left the Executive by the end of July. The distance of this political sector and the position of a hard faction of the Shia, ally to the antiAmerican clergyman Moqtada to the Sadr, would make difficult many of the laws to be approved, among them the one of hydrocarbons.
On the other hand, the Kurd autonomic government puts barriers to the oil legislation, since he would see infringed his constitutional right to have a greater control the reserves and the income of his region, where concentrates an important amount of wells, to the north of the country. Nevertheless, the 5 of August, like codazo to his contrapartes in Bagdad, that took a rest from summer, "the Kurd Parliament in Irbil approved its own petroleum law and also it presented/displayed a list of 40 wells of exploration in the Kurd region that will present/display to the supply", said to the Mexican newspaper Millenium. "we do not want to be affected by the political paralysis in Bagdad", noticed Ashti Hawrami, minister of Natural Resources of the regional government of Kurdistán. "We thought that the agreements of shared production are the best way to advance and to help not only to the Kurds but all the Iraqians", it added. After which the Kurds opened the doors to the foreign investors, Bagdad tries to reaffirm the central control of the reserves handled by the authorities of Kurdistán. According to the Mexican newspaper, in that region already it is operating TTopco, a joint company between Genel Energie, a Turkish company, and Addax Petroleum, an independent company/signature of exploration and development that quotes in the Stock markets of London and Toronto.
In the last weeks, the ambassador of the United States, Ryan C. Crooker, tried to show calm as opposed to the challenge to obtain that the Iraqian legislation he is approved before September, an essential goal for the government of Bush that has more the 150 thousand military in the invaded country. "As I see it, the legislative goals, the hydrocarbons and the reconciliation are important, but by God that is very complicated points", it said in an interview. "and frankly I do not know if I am safe if he is reasonable to hope that they solve these things in just a short time. We had our own difficulties with the health reforms, social security and immigration ", added.
Report: Juan Manuel Boat.
thank you for posting
I don't remember reading anything about this visit in the newspapers here.
On the other hand, Hassan Jumaa Awad to the Assadi, leader of the petroleum union that represents near 26 thousand workers, travels in the middle of July to England and the United States to campaign against the law. "it is not logical that the United States comes with the empty hands and wants to fill them to it with Iraqian petroleum, that represents between the 85 and 90 percent of the income of our country. We criticized that the law has been elaborated in secret form, for that reason is going to have to be approved when we have total sovereignty and we pruned to declare to us ", warned in London, according to the British newspaper The Guardian.
Here is the Babel Fish Translation.
of the whole article.
>>>>>>>>>>>.
OF BEING APPROVED, IT LEGALIZED The OPENING Of the PAIS To The FOREIGN COMPANIES
A law that privatizes the petroleum of Iraq
The controverted norm redibuja radically the industry of the crude Iraqian. Bush needs that the Parliament of Iraq approves it before September, date in which the American army must present/display a new report of the situation in the occupied country. The unions and the experts are against to him.
The Bush administration is against the cords: after its plan of security for Bagdad - the shipment of 30 thousand additional men -, the situation nonimprovement.
The times are accelerated and the United States more insurance under the arm needs to go away of Iraq with something. It is why it at all costs looks for to implement the hydrocarbon law almost, discussed to doors closed during a year and approved by the Iraqian cabinet in February. The idea is that great pulpy the oil tankers of the West can have a guaranteed quota of long term dividends, after military and economic the investment that have made the countries that integrate the UN to maintain an invasion more and more questioned. But the final sanction of the measurement is not easy. After several manifestations, the Iraqian unions are not arranged to the "privatization" of the oil industry, as well as expert and legislating they are against the official proposal, which they found out at the moment of its partial approval. In as much, Bush needs that the Parliament of Iraq approves it before September, date in which the American army must present/display a new situation report to the White House.The oil law did not arise from repollo, although thus it has appeared for his opponents since the official proposal became public in February of this year. Before the war in Iraq, the Political group for the Development of National Energy, known like Energy Task Force, reunited in 2001 to oil vice-president Dick Cheney and executives to discuss the control of the oil fields of Iraq, informed the newspaper The New York Times. A year later, by the pressure of a American court, the participants of that commission had to make public who more than 60 companies of 30 countries would be involved in projects with Bagdad, like the French company Total Elf and the Luckoil Russian. The organism recommended to the countries of the Middle East "the opening of its power sectors to the outer investment", informed the average North American. An advice who would become reality.
In January of 2007, the British newspaper The Independent revealed that an employee of Bearing-Point, a North American company in charge to advise to the government of that country in the reconstruction of Iraq, was responsible to advise to the Iraqian Petroleum Ministry in the preparation of the hydrocarbon law. The company of the United States is well-known to finance the campaigns of 2000 and 2004 of the Republican Party of Bush, according to the denunciation of the for Center Responsive Politics, a citizen control group.
Strongly pressed by the governments American and British, the government of Iraq now hopes that the Parliament approves the sooner the controverted law that redibujaría radically the Iraqian oil industry and would open the doors of the second greater petroleum reserve in the world, after Saudi Arabia.
With the support of the World Bank, the IMF and the UN, the law "written in the United States", as they call the Iraqian unions, would allow the first operation on great scale of foreign petroleum companies in Iraq, informed mentioned the average Briton. By means of shared agreements of production (PSA), the companies would obtain a 12.5 percent of the gains, whereas the leftover income would be distributed by the Iraqian government and the provinces would have freedom to authorize contracts of exploration and production, according to the Arab chain of the news To the Jazeera. The Constitution of Iraq allows the governors to form semiindependent regions, with a total control of its natural resources. In his defense, the government notices that there will be no privatization. "Under no Iraq circumstance he would resign to his authority, his responsibility is to have the control of the natural resources of the country", said in May the minister of Petroleum, Hussein Shahristani, to the press. Nevertheless, the Company Nacional de Petro'leo of Iraq would happen to control only 17 of 80 discovered wells, leaving more than two thirds of such and the reserves discovering under potential foreign control during a period of between 20 and 35 years, the Times informed.
The new legislation it would be a radical deviation of the laws of the developing countries, since producer nations of the Middle East as Saudi Arabia and Iran have a strict control on their industries through state companies without no outer collaboration of importance, indicated The Independent. In 1961, Iraq expropió the concessions of the transnational companies that in that then included a 95.5 percent of the Iraqian territory, according to the General Federation of Workers of Iraq. And in 1972, Exxon, Bp, Shell and Chevron they lost the control of the resource when nationalizing itself the industry in its totality. Just in 1990, the foreign companies recovered land thanks to the government of Saddam Hussein that granted PSA with gains of the 10 percent to companies of China and Russia, informed To the Jazeera. "That year, the United States and its allies lobbied to deepen the sanctions of the UN against Iraq, while that country leaned in Russia and China to remove or to smooth the lesson at least", it indicated to the average Arab the ex- Petroleum minister of Iraq, Issam to the Chalabi, a critic of the PSA.
In front of a favorable government to the occupation and defendant of corruption, the opposition to the official project is ample. The last week, hundreds of workers returned to mobilize themselves in Basora, to the south of Iraq, after an important strike in June in that they cut to the production and fuel export in the south of the country, while military troops surrounded the manifestation under the threatening flight by airplanes military. "the protest expresses the unit of the unions of the port, electricity, services, mechanics, policemen in solidarity with the workers of the oil sector who request to discuss the hydrocarbon law, the prices of the fuel, and to raise our reclamations", Hussein Fadil, the leader of the federation of workers said. In the previous days to the march, the union, that has its greater weight in Basora, had demanded the resignation of the Petroleum minister, the freedom of gremial organization before the attempts of arrest of the government, the rejection of the dictations of the IMF and the acceleration of the construction of petroleum refineries not to depend on the concerned derivatives.
On the other hand, Hassan Jumaa Awad to the Assadi, leader of the petroleum union that represents near 26 thousand workers, travels in the middle of July to England and the United States to campaign against the law. "it is not logical that the United States comes with the empty hands and wants to fill them to it with Iraqian petroleum, that represents between the 85 and 90 percent of the income of our country. We criticized that the law has been elaborated in secret form, for that reason is going to have to be approved when we have total sovereignty and we pruned to declare to us ", warned in London, according to the British newspaper The Guardian.
Meanwhile, a group of experts also criticizes the official project. After making a competing symposium in February next to the oil unions, political parties and ONG, the students they presented/displayed a letter to the president and the members of the Parliament where they suggested "not to worry" the law and requested a greater state control. "We were sorry that the authority of the advice of representatives (Parliament) is restricted only to the approval of the law", they indicated. "In addition we emphasized the necessity that the state petroleum company takes the responsibility to handle to all the production and discovered wells to protect the rights of the town of Iraq and not to leave them in foreign organizations", the experts said.
Although the law could be approved before the report that waits for the Congress of the United States in September, the legislators - Shiite, sunnitas and Kurd they have differences to each other. "the fact is that the political blocks did not reach an agreement", it said to the American newspaper Chicago Tribune Ayad to the Samarrai, one of the leaders of Tawafiq, the sunnita block with greater representation in the Parliament, that has 275 seats. For worse, the sunnita coalition Front of Iraqian Consenso (the ICF), allied essential of the government of Shiite majority of prime minister, Nuri to the Maliki, left the Executive by the end of July. The distance of this political sector and the position of a hard faction of the Shia, ally to the antiAmerican clergyman Moqtada to the Sadr, would make difficult many of the laws to be approved, among them the one of hydrocarbons.
On the other hand, the Kurd autonomic government puts barriers to the oil legislation, since he would see infringed his constitutional right to have a greater control the reserves and the income of his region, where concentrates an important amount of wells, to the north of the country. Nevertheless, the 5 of August, like codazo to his contrapartes in Bagdad, that took a rest from summer, "the Kurd Parliament in Irbil approved its own petroleum law and also it presented/displayed a list of 40 wells of exploration in the Kurd region that will present/display to the supply", said to the Mexican newspaper Millenium. "we do not want to be affected by the political paralysis in Bagdad", noticed Ashti Hawrami, minister of Natural Resources of the regional government of Kurdistán. "We thought that the agreements of shared production are the best way to advance and to help not only to the Kurds but all the Iraqians", it added. After which the Kurds opened the doors to the foreign investors, Bagdad tries to reaffirm the central control of the reserves handled by the authorities of Kurdistán. According to the Mexican newspaper, in that region already it is operating TTopco, a joint company between Genel Energie, a Turkish company, and Addax Petroleum, an independent company/signature of exploration and development that quotes in the Stock markets of London and Toronto.
In the last weeks, the ambassador of the United States, Ryan C. Crooker, tried to show calm as opposed to the challenge to obtain that the Iraqian legislation he is approved before September, an essential goal for the government of Bush that has more the 150 thousand military in the invaded country. "As I see it, the legislative goals, the hydrocarbons and the reconciliation are important, but by God that is very complicated points", it said in an interview. "and frankly I do not know if I am safe if he is reasonable to hope that they solve these things in just a short time. We had our own difficulties with the health reforms, social security and immigration ", added.
Report: Juan Manuel Boat.
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